Public outreach is often much riskier for women candidates. They encounter greater barriers than men if they choose to print their photographs on campaign posters, travel to conservative rural areas, or deliver public speeches. Unfortunately, the lack of security means that many women candidates may curtail their campaigning.

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There are two main threats around the polls: warlords who want to dominate the elections through any means necessary and ... the increasingly active Taliban, who have pledged to disrupt the election process itself.

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