It seems to me that the nearest analogue here is that a damaged ship, or in this case an airplane, that makes it into the nearest safe harbor is supposed to be accorded, at least as a matter of custom and general international practice that kind of safety. Medical attention should be provided to anyone who needs it and the ship and the crew should be left unmolested.

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They make fairly grandiose, extravagant claims to the entire South China Sea as Chinese territory. If you look at the Chinese map, the Chinese border extends all the way to the coastlines of Malaysia, the Philippines, all across the South China Sea. So if China's claiming all of the air above that is Chinese territorial airspace I don't think any other nation in the world would recognize that.

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