This is the first time we have actually measured pain activity in the human brain.

Most people intuitively feel that premature babies feel pain but the problem is that we have not actually known whether they do so or not.

We have been able to objectively stand back and measure activity in the pre-term infant brain in response to a noxious or painful stimulus. That's never been done before. Anyone working with pre-term babies would feel intuitively that they're likely to feel pain - but before now we didn't know.

Beforehand, although we could assume it, we did not know for sure that these babies could feel pain. These babies' brains are so immature that it was difficult to genuinely know that the pain was going to their brain.